FLUKA - Revision history

Vigen at 06:34, 29 March 2026

2026-03-29T06:34:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:34, 29 March 2026
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	[[Category:Pages linking to Wikipedia]] [[Category:CERN software]]		[[Category:Pages linking to Wikipedia]] [[Category:CERN software]]
	[[Category:Abbreviations]]		[[Category:Abbreviations]]
			[[Category:FAPlist]]

Vigen at 07:21, 7 January 2026

2026-01-07T07:21:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:21, 7 January 2026
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	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Pages linking to Wikipedia]] [[Category:CERN software]]		[[Category:Pages linking to Wikipedia]] [[Category:CERN software]]
			[[Category:Abbreviations]]

Vigen at 17:41, 6 January 2026

2026-01-06T17:41:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:41, 6 January 2026
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	'''FLUKA''' (an acronym for Fluktuierende Kaskade) is a fully integrated [[Monte Carlo method\|Monte Carlo]] simulation package for the interaction and transport of particles and nuclei in matter.<ref name="BattistoniBoehlen2015">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Boehlen\|first2=Till\|last3=Cerutti\|first3=Francesco\|last4=Chin\|first4=Pik Wai\|last5=Esposito\|first5=Luigi Salvatore\|last6=Fassò\|first6=Alberto\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Lechner\|first8=Anton\|last9=Empl\|first9=Anton\|last10=Mairani\|first10=Andrea\|last11=Mereghetti\|first11=Alessio\|last12=Ortega\|first12=Pablo Garcia\|last13=Ranft\|first13=Johannes\|last14=Roesler\|first14=Stefan\|last15=Sala\|first15=Paola R.\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|last17=Smirnov\|first17=George\|title=Overview of the FLUKA code\|journal=Annals of Nuclear Energy\|volume=82\|year=2015\|pages=10–18\|issn=0306-4549\|doi=10.1016/j.anucene.2014.11.007\|doi-access=free\|bibcode=2015AnNuE..82...10B \|url=https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1249650}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|doi=10.5170/CERN-2005-010 \|title=FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code, CERN 2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773\|year=2005\|last1=Fassò\|first1=A.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Ranft\|first3=Johannes\|last4=Sala\|first4=Paola R.\|series=CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs\|isbn=978-92-9083-260-7}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniCerutti2007">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Cerutti\|first2=F.\|last3=Fassò\|first3=A.\|last4=Ferrari\|first4=A.\|last5=Muraro\|first5=S.\|last6=Ranft\|first6=J.\|last7=Roesler\|first7=S.\|last8=Sala\|first8=P. R.\|journal=AIP Conference Proceedings\|title=The FLUKA code: description and benchmarking\|volume=896\|year=2007\|pages=31–49\|issn=0094-243X\|doi=10.1063/1.2720455}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniMargiotta2011">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Margiotta\|first2=Annarita\|last3=Muraro\|first3=Silvia\|last4=Sioli\|first4=Maximiliano\|title=FLUKA as a new high energy cosmic ray generator\|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment\|volume=626-627\|year=2011\|pages=S191–S192\|issn=0168-9002\|doi=10.1016/j.nima.2010.05.019\|arxiv=1002.4655\|bibcode=2011NIMPA.626S.191B\|s2cid=119208962}}</ref>		'''FLUKA''' (an acronym for Fluktuierende Kaskade) is a fully integrated [[Monte Carlo method\|Monte Carlo]] simulation package for the interaction and transport of particles and nuclei in matter.<ref name="BattistoniBoehlen2015">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Boehlen\|first2=Till\|last3=Cerutti\|first3=Francesco\|last4=Chin\|first4=Pik Wai\|last5=Esposito\|first5=Luigi Salvatore\|last6=Fassò\|first6=Alberto\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Lechner\|first8=Anton\|last9=Empl\|first9=Anton\|last10=Mairani\|first10=Andrea\|last11=Mereghetti\|first11=Alessio\|last12=Ortega\|first12=Pablo Garcia\|last13=Ranft\|first13=Johannes\|last14=Roesler\|first14=Stefan\|last15=Sala\|first15=Paola R.\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|last17=Smirnov\|first17=George\|title=Overview of the FLUKA code\|journal=Annals of Nuclear Energy\|volume=82\|year=2015\|pages=10–18\|issn=0306-4549\|doi=10.1016/j.anucene.2014.11.007\|doi-access=free\|bibcode=2015AnNuE..82...10B \|url=https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1249650}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|doi=10.5170/CERN-2005-010 \|title=FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code, CERN 2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773\|year=2005\|last1=Fassò\|first1=A.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Ranft\|first3=Johannes\|last4=Sala\|first4=Paola R.\|series=CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs\|isbn=978-92-9083-260-7}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniCerutti2007">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Cerutti\|first2=F.\|last3=Fassò\|first3=A.\|last4=Ferrari\|first4=A.\|last5=Muraro\|first5=S.\|last6=Ranft\|first6=J.\|last7=Roesler\|first7=S.\|last8=Sala\|first8=P. R.\|journal=AIP Conference Proceedings\|title=The FLUKA code: description and benchmarking\|volume=896\|year=2007\|pages=31–49\|issn=0094-243X\|doi=10.1063/1.2720455}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniMargiotta2011">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Margiotta\|first2=Annarita\|last3=Muraro\|first3=Silvia\|last4=Sioli\|first4=Maximiliano\|title=FLUKA as a new high energy cosmic ray generator\|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment\|volume=626-627\|year=2011\|pages=S191–S192\|issn=0168-9002\|doi=10.1016/j.nima.2010.05.019\|arxiv=1002.4655\|bibcode=2011NIMPA.626S.191B\|s2cid=119208962}}</ref>
	FLUKA has many applications in particle physics, high energy experimental physics and engineering, shielding, detector and telescope design, cosmic ray studies,<ref name="BattistoniFerrari2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Montaruli\|first3=T.\|last4=Sala\|first4=P.R.\|title=Comparison of the FLUKA calculations with CAPRICE94 data on muons in atmosphere\|journal=Astroparticle Physics\|volume=17\|issue=4\|year=2002\|pages=477–488\|issn=0927-6505\|doi=10.1016/S0927-6505(01)00176-1\|arxiv=hep-ph/0107241\|bibcode=2002APh....17..477B\|s2cid=204927907}}</ref> dosimetry,<ref name="RoeslerHeinrich2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Roesler\|first1=S.\|last2=Heinrich\|first2=W.\|last3=Schraube\|first3=H.\|year=2002\|title=Monte Carlo Calculation of the Radiation Field at Aircraft Altitudes\|url=https://www.slac.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/getdoc/slac-pub-8968.pdf\|journal=Radiation Protection Dosimetry\|volume=98\|issue=4\|pages=367–388\|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006728\|issn=0144-8420\|pmid=12120665}}</ref> medical physics, radiobiology. A recent line of development concerns hadron therapy.<ref name="BattistoniBauer2016">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Bauer\|first2=Julia\|last3=Boehlen\|first3=Till T.\|last4=Cerutti\|first4=Francesco\|last5=Chin\|first5=Mary P. W.\|last6=Dos Santos Augusto\|first6=Ricardo\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Ortega\|first8=Pablo G.\|last9=Kozłowska\|first9=Wioletta\|last10=Magro\|first10=Giuseppe\|last11=Mairani\|first11=Andrea\|last12=Parodi\|first12=Katia\|last13=Sala\|first13=Paola R.\|last14=Schoofs\|first14=Philippe\|last15=Tessonnier\|first15=Thomas\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|title=The FLUKA Code: An Accurate Simulation Tool for Particle Therapy\|journal=Frontiers in Oncology\|volume=6\|year=2016\|page=116\|issn=2234-943X\|doi=10.3389/fonc.2016.00116\|pmid=27242956\|pmc=4863153\|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ZhangLee2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Zhang\|first1=Qinghui\|last2=Lee\|first2=Chaeyeong\|last3=Lee\|first3=Sangmin\|last4=Lee\|first4=Seung-Jae\|last5=Song\|first5=Hankyeol\|last6=Kim\|first6=Dae-Hyun\|last7=Cho\|first7=Sungkoo\|last8=Jo\|first8=Kwanghyun\|last9=Han\|first9=Youngyih\|last10=Chung\|first10=Yong Hyun\|last11=Kim\|first11=Jin Sung\|title=Monte Carlo simulation of secondary neutron dose for scanning proton therapy using FLUKA\|journal=PLOS ONE\|volume=12\|issue=10\|year=2017\|article-number=e0186544\|issn=1932-6203\|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0186544\|pmid=29045491\|pmc=5646843\|bibcode=2017PLoSO..1286544L\|doi-access=free}}</ref> As of 2022 FLUKA allowed simulation of interactions of photons with energy 100 eV and above.<ref name=Tsinganis/>		FLUKA has many applications in particle physics, high energy experimental physics and engineering, shielding, detector and telescope design, cosmic ray studies,<ref name="BattistoniFerrari2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Montaruli\|first3=T.\|last4=Sala\|first4=P.R.\|title=Comparison of the FLUKA calculations with CAPRICE94 data on muons in atmosphere\|journal=Astroparticle Physics\|volume=17\|issue=4\|year=2002\|pages=477–488\|issn=0927-6505\|doi=10.1016/S0927-6505(01)00176-1\|arxiv=hep-ph/0107241\|bibcode=2002APh....17..477B\|s2cid=204927907}}</ref> dosimetry,<ref name="RoeslerHeinrich2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Roesler\|first1=S.\|last2=Heinrich\|first2=W.\|last3=Schraube\|first3=H.\|year=2002\|title=Monte Carlo Calculation of the Radiation Field at Aircraft Altitudes\|url=https://www.slac.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/getdoc/slac-pub-8968.pdf\|journal=Radiation Protection Dosimetry\|volume=98\|issue=4\|pages=367–388\|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006728\|issn=0144-8420\|pmid=12120665}}</ref> medical physics, radiobiology. A recent line of development concerns hadron therapy.<ref name="BattistoniBauer2016">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Bauer\|first2=Julia\|last3=Boehlen\|first3=Till T.\|last4=Cerutti\|first4=Francesco\|last5=Chin\|first5=Mary P. W.\|last6=Dos Santos Augusto\|first6=Ricardo\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Ortega\|first8=Pablo G.\|last9=Kozłowska\|first9=Wioletta\|last10=Magro\|first10=Giuseppe\|last11=Mairani\|first11=Andrea\|last12=Parodi\|first12=Katia\|last13=Sala\|first13=Paola R.\|last14=Schoofs\|first14=Philippe\|last15=Tessonnier\|first15=Thomas\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|title=The FLUKA Code: An Accurate Simulation Tool for Particle Therapy\|journal=Frontiers in Oncology\|volume=6\|year=2016\|page=116\|issn=2234-943X\|doi=10.3389/fonc.2016.00116\|pmid=27242956\|pmc=4863153\|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ZhangLee2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Zhang\|first1=Qinghui\|last2=Lee\|first2=Chaeyeong\|last3=Lee\|first3=Sangmin\|last4=Lee\|first4=Seung-Jae\|last5=Song\|first5=Hankyeol\|last6=Kim\|first6=Dae-Hyun\|last7=Cho\|first7=Sungkoo\|last8=Jo\|first8=Kwanghyun\|last9=Han\|first9=Youngyih\|last10=Chung\|first10=Yong Hyun\|last11=Kim\|first11=Jin Sung\|title=Monte Carlo simulation of secondary neutron dose for scanning proton therapy using FLUKA\|journal=PLOS ONE\|volume=12\|issue=10\|year=2017\|article-number=e0186544\|issn=1932-6203\|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0186544\|pmid=29045491\|pmc=5646843\|bibcode=2017PLoSO..1286544L\|doi-access=free}}</ref> As of 2022 FLUKA allowed simulation of interactions of photons with energy 100 eV and above.<ref name=Tsinganis>{{Cite web\|url=https://indico.cern.ch/event/1088396/attachments/2508104/4310222/Academic_Training_FLUKA.pdf\|title= An overview of the FLUKA particle transport code and its graphical user interface Flair\|date=14 September 2022\|format=PDF\|author=Tsinganis A.}}</ref>

	It is the standard tool used in radiation protection studies in the CERN particle accelerator laboratory.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=A Monte Carlo code for ion beam therapy \|url=https://cds.cern.ch/journal/CERNBulletin/2012/20/News%20Articles/1447488?ln=en \|access-date=2023-10-22 \|website=CERN Document Server}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|last1=Battistoni \|first1=Giuseppe \|last2=Broggi \|first2=Francesco \|last3=Brugger \|first3=Markus \|last4=Campanella \|first4=Mauro \|last5=Carboni \|first5=Massimo \|last6=Empl \|first6=Anton \|last7=Fassò \|first7=Alberto \|last8=Gadioli \|first8=Ettore \|last9=Cerutti \|first9=Francesco \|last10=Ferrari \|first10=Alfredo \|last11=Ferrari \|first11=Anna \|last12=Garzelli \|first12=Maria Vittoria \|last13=Lantz \|first13=Mattias \|last14=Mairani \|first14=Andrea \|last15=Margiotta \|first15=M. \|date=2011-10-01 \|title=The Application of the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA in Radiation Protection Studies for the Large Hadron Collider \|url=https://www.aesj.net/document/pnst002/358-364.pdf \|journal=Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology \|language=en \|volume=2 \|pages=358–364 \|doi=10.15669/pnst.2.358 \|issn=2185-4823}}</ref>		It is the standard tool used in radiation protection studies in the CERN particle accelerator laboratory.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=A Monte Carlo code for ion beam therapy \|url=https://cds.cern.ch/journal/CERNBulletin/2012/20/News%20Articles/1447488?ln=en \|access-date=2023-10-22 \|website=CERN Document Server}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|last1=Battistoni \|first1=Giuseppe \|last2=Broggi \|first2=Francesco \|last3=Brugger \|first3=Markus \|last4=Campanella \|first4=Mauro \|last5=Carboni \|first5=Massimo \|last6=Empl \|first6=Anton \|last7=Fassò \|first7=Alberto \|last8=Gadioli \|first8=Ettore \|last9=Cerutti \|first9=Francesco \|last10=Ferrari \|first10=Alfredo \|last11=Ferrari \|first11=Anna \|last12=Garzelli \|first12=Maria Vittoria \|last13=Lantz \|first13=Mattias \|last14=Mairani \|first14=Andrea \|last15=Margiotta \|first15=M. \|date=2011-10-01 \|title=The Application of the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA in Radiation Protection Studies for the Large Hadron Collider \|url=https://www.aesj.net/document/pnst002/358-364.pdf \|journal=Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology \|language=en \|volume=2 \|pages=358–364 \|doi=10.15669/pnst.2.358 \|issn=2185-4823}}</ref>

Vigen at 17:39, 6 January 2026

2026-01-06T17:39:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:39, 6 January 2026
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	https://en.wikipedia.~~org~~/~~wiki~~/FLUKA [[Category:Pages linking to Wikipedia]] [[Category:CERN software]]		'''FLUKA''' (an acronym for Fluktuierende Kaskade) is a fully integrated [[Monte Carlo method\|Monte Carlo]] simulation package for the interaction and transport of particles and nuclei in matter.<ref name="BattistoniBoehlen2015">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Boehlen\|first2=Till\|last3=Cerutti\|first3=Francesco\|last4=Chin\|first4=Pik Wai\|last5=Esposito\|first5=Luigi Salvatore\|last6=Fassò\|first6=Alberto\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Lechner\|first8=Anton\|last9=Empl\|first9=Anton\|last10=Mairani\|first10=Andrea\|last11=Mereghetti\|first11=Alessio\|last12=Ortega\|first12=Pablo Garcia\|last13=Ranft\|first13=Johannes\|last14=Roesler\|first14=Stefan\|last15=Sala\|first15=Paola R.\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|last17=Smirnov\|first17=George\|title=Overview of the FLUKA code\|journal=Annals of Nuclear Energy\|volume=82\|year=2015\|pages=10–18\|issn=0306-4549\|doi=10.1016/j.anucene.2014.11.007\|doi-access=free\|bibcode=2015AnNuE..82...10B \|url=https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1249650}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|doi=10.5170/CERN-2005-010 \|title=FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code, CERN 2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773\|year=2005\|last1=Fassò\|first1=A.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Ranft\|first3=Johannes\|last4=Sala\|first4=Paola R.\|series=CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs\|isbn=978-92-9083-260-7}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniCerutti2007">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Cerutti\|first2=F.\|last3=Fassò\|first3=A.\|last4=Ferrari\|first4=A.\|last5=Muraro\|first5=S.\|last6=Ranft\|first6=J.\|last7=Roesler\|first7=S.\|last8=Sala\|first8=P. R.\|journal=AIP Conference Proceedings\|title=The FLUKA code: description and benchmarking\|volume=896\|year=2007\|pages=31–49\|issn=0094-243X\|doi=10.1063/1.2720455}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniMargiotta2011">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Margiotta\|first2=Annarita\|last3=Muraro\|first3=Silvia\|last4=Sioli\|first4=Maximiliano\|title=FLUKA as a new high energy cosmic ray generator\|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment\|volume=626-627\|year=2011\|pages=S191–S192\|issn=0168-9002\|doi=10.1016/j.nima.2010.05.019\|arxiv=1002.4655\|bibcode=2011NIMPA.626S.191B\|s2cid=119208962}}</ref>
			FLUKA has many applications in particle physics, high energy experimental physics and engineering, shielding, detector and telescope design, cosmic ray studies,<ref name="BattistoniFerrari2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Montaruli\|first3=T.\|last4=Sala\|first4=P.R.\|title=Comparison of the FLUKA calculations with CAPRICE94 data on muons in atmosphere\|journal=Astroparticle Physics\|volume=17\|issue=4\|year=2002\|pages=477–488\|issn=0927-6505\|doi=10.1016/S0927-6505(01)00176-1\|arxiv=hep-ph/0107241\|bibcode=2002APh....17..477B\|s2cid=204927907}}</ref> dosimetry,<ref name="RoeslerHeinrich2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Roesler\|first1=S.\|last2=Heinrich\|first2=W.\|last3=Schraube\|first3=H.\|year=2002\|title=Monte Carlo Calculation of the Radiation Field at Aircraft Altitudes\|url=https://www.slac.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/getdoc/slac-pub-8968.pdf\|journal=Radiation Protection Dosimetry\|volume=98\|issue=4\|pages=367–388\|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006728\|issn=0144-8420\|pmid=12120665}}</ref> medical physics, radiobiology. A recent line of development concerns hadron therapy.<ref name="BattistoniBauer2016">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Bauer\|first2=Julia\|last3=Boehlen\|first3=Till T.\|last4=Cerutti\|first4=Francesco\|last5=Chin\|first5=Mary P. W.\|last6=Dos Santos Augusto\|first6=Ricardo\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Ortega\|first8=Pablo G.\|last9=Kozłowska\|first9=Wioletta\|last10=Magro\|first10=Giuseppe\|last11=Mairani\|first11=Andrea\|last12=Parodi\|first12=Katia\|last13=Sala\|first13=Paola R.\|last14=Schoofs\|first14=Philippe\|last15=Tessonnier\|first15=Thomas\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|title=The FLUKA Code: An Accurate Simulation Tool for Particle Therapy\|journal=Frontiers in Oncology\|volume=6\|year=2016\|page=116\|issn=2234-943X\|doi=10.3389/fonc.2016.00116\|pmid=27242956\|pmc=4863153\|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ZhangLee2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Zhang\|first1=Qinghui\|last2=Lee\|first2=Chaeyeong\|last3=Lee\|first3=Sangmin\|last4=Lee\|first4=Seung-Jae\|last5=Song\|first5=Hankyeol\|last6=Kim\|first6=Dae-Hyun\|last7=Cho\|first7=Sungkoo\|last8=Jo\|first8=Kwanghyun\|last9=Han\|first9=Youngyih\|last10=Chung\|first10=Yong Hyun\|last11=Kim\|first11=Jin Sung\|title=Monte Carlo simulation of secondary neutron dose for scanning proton therapy using FLUKA\|journal=PLOS ONE\|volume=12\|issue=10\|year=2017\|article-number=e0186544\|issn=1932-6203\|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0186544\|pmid=29045491\|pmc=5646843\|bibcode=2017PLoSO..1286544L\|doi-access=free}}</ref> As of 2022 FLUKA allowed simulation of interactions of photons with energy 100 eV and above.<ref name=Tsinganis/>

			It is the standard tool used in radiation protection studies in the CERN particle accelerator laboratory.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=A Monte Carlo code for ion beam therapy \|url=https://cds.cern.ch/journal/CERNBulletin/2012/20/News%20Articles/1447488?ln=en \|access-date=2023-10-22 \|website=CERN Document Server}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|last1=Battistoni \|first1=Giuseppe \|last2=Broggi \|first2=Francesco \|last3=Brugger \|first3=Markus \|last4=Campanella \|first4=Mauro \|last5=Carboni \|first5=Massimo \|last6=Empl \|first6=Anton \|last7=Fassò \|first7=Alberto \|last8=Gadioli \|first8=Ettore \|last9=Cerutti \|first9=Francesco \|last10=Ferrari \|first10=Alfredo \|last11=Ferrari \|first11=Anna \|last12=Garzelli \|first12=Maria Vittoria \|last13=Lantz \|first13=Mattias \|last14=Mairani \|first14=Andrea \|last15=Margiotta \|first15=M. \|date=2011-10-01 \|title=The Application of the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA in Radiation Protection Studies for the Large Hadron Collider \|url=https://www.aesj.net/document/pnst002/358-364.pdf \|journal=Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology \|language=en \|volume=2 \|pages=358–364 \|doi=10.15669/pnst.2.358 \|issn=2185-4823}}</ref>
			FLUKA software code is used by [[wikipedia:Epcard\|Epcard]], which is a software program for simulating radiation exposure on airline flights.<ref name=davis>[https://books.google.com/books?id=_6hymYAgC6MC&dq=Epcard&pg=PA229 Jeffrey R. Davis, Robert Johnson, Jan Stepanek - '''Fundamentals of Aerospace Medicine''' (2008) - Page 228-230] (Google Books Link 2010)</ref>

			The first version of FLUKA was developed in the 1960s by Johannes Ranft. FLUKA makes use of combinatorial geometry.<ref name=Tsinganis/>

			For more information, see [[wikipedia:FLUKA\|Wikipedia]].
			==References==
			{{reflist}}
			[[Category:Pages linking to Wikipedia]] [[Category:CERN software]]

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLUKA [[Category:Pages linking to Wikipedia]] [[Category:CERN software]]

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	'''FLUKA''' (an acronym for Fluktuierende Kaskade) is a fully integrated [[Monte Carlo method\|Monte Carlo]] simulation package for the interaction and transport of particles and nuclei in matter.<ref name="BattistoniBoehlen2015">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Boehlen\|first2=Till\|last3=Cerutti\|first3=Francesco\|last4=Chin\|first4=Pik Wai\|last5=Esposito\|first5=Luigi Salvatore\|last6=Fassò\|first6=Alberto\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Lechner\|first8=Anton\|last9=Empl\|first9=Anton\|last10=Mairani\|first10=Andrea\|last11=Mereghetti\|first11=Alessio\|last12=Ortega\|first12=Pablo Garcia\|last13=Ranft\|first13=Johannes\|last14=Roesler\|first14=Stefan\|last15=Sala\|first15=Paola R.\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|last17=Smirnov\|first17=George\|title=Overview of the FLUKA code\|journal=Annals of Nuclear Energy\|volume=82\|year=2015\|pages=10–18\|issn=0306-4549\|doi=10.1016/j.anucene.2014.11.007\|doi-access=free\|bibcode=2015AnNuE..82...10B \|url=https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1249650}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|doi=10.5170/CERN-2005-010 \|title=FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code, CERN 2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773\|year=2005\|last1=Fassò\|first1=A.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Ranft\|first3=Johannes\|last4=Sala\|first4=Paola R.\|series=CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs\|isbn=978-92-9083-260-7}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniCerutti2007">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Cerutti\|first2=F.\|last3=Fassò\|first3=A.\|last4=Ferrari\|first4=A.\|last5=Muraro\|first5=S.\|last6=Ranft\|first6=J.\|last7=Roesler\|first7=S.\|last8=Sala\|first8=P. R.\|journal=AIP Conference Proceedings\|title=The FLUKA code: description and benchmarking\|volume=896\|year=2007\|pages=31–49\|issn=0094-243X\|doi=10.1063/1.2720455}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniMargiotta2011">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Margiotta\|first2=Annarita\|last3=Muraro\|first3=Silvia\|last4=Sioli\|first4=Maximiliano\|title=FLUKA as a new high energy cosmic ray generator\|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment\|volume=626-627\|year=2011\|pages=S191–S192\|issn=0168-9002\|doi=10.1016/j.nima.2010.05.019\|arxiv=1002.4655\|bibcode=2011NIMPA.626S.191B\|s2cid=119208962}}</ref>		'''FLUKA''' (an acronym for Fluktuierende Kaskade) is a fully integrated [[Monte Carlo method\|Monte Carlo]] simulation package for the interaction and transport of particles and nuclei in matter.<ref name="BattistoniBoehlen2015">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Boehlen\|first2=Till\|last3=Cerutti\|first3=Francesco\|last4=Chin\|first4=Pik Wai\|last5=Esposito\|first5=Luigi Salvatore\|last6=Fassò\|first6=Alberto\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Lechner\|first8=Anton\|last9=Empl\|first9=Anton\|last10=Mairani\|first10=Andrea\|last11=Mereghetti\|first11=Alessio\|last12=Ortega\|first12=Pablo Garcia\|last13=Ranft\|first13=Johannes\|last14=Roesler\|first14=Stefan\|last15=Sala\|first15=Paola R.\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|last17=Smirnov\|first17=George\|title=Overview of the FLUKA code\|journal=Annals of Nuclear Energy\|volume=82\|year=2015\|pages=10–18\|issn=0306-4549\|doi=10.1016/j.anucene.2014.11.007\|doi-access=free\|bibcode=2015AnNuE..82...10B \|url=https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1249650}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|doi=10.5170/CERN-2005-010 \|title=FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code, CERN 2005-10 (2005), INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773\|year=2005\|last1=Fassò\|first1=A.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Ranft\|first3=Johannes\|last4=Sala\|first4=Paola R.\|series=CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs\|isbn=978-92-9083-260-7}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniCerutti2007">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Cerutti\|first2=F.\|last3=Fassò\|first3=A.\|last4=Ferrari\|first4=A.\|last5=Muraro\|first5=S.\|last6=Ranft\|first6=J.\|last7=Roesler\|first7=S.\|last8=Sala\|first8=P. R.\|journal=AIP Conference Proceedings\|title=The FLUKA code: description and benchmarking\|volume=896\|year=2007\|pages=31–49\|issn=0094-243X\|doi=10.1063/1.2720455}}</ref><ref name="BattistoniMargiotta2011">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Margiotta\|first2=Annarita\|last3=Muraro\|first3=Silvia\|last4=Sioli\|first4=Maximiliano\|title=FLUKA as a new high energy cosmic ray generator\|journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment\|volume=626-627\|year=2011\|pages=S191–S192\|issn=0168-9002\|doi=10.1016/j.nima.2010.05.019\|arxiv=1002.4655\|bibcode=2011NIMPA.626S.191B\|s2cid=119208962}}</ref>
	FLUKA has many applications in particle physics, high energy experimental physics and engineering, shielding, detector and telescope design, cosmic ray studies,<ref name="BattistoniFerrari2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Montaruli\|first3=T.\|last4=Sala\|first4=P.R.\|title=Comparison of the FLUKA calculations with CAPRICE94 data on muons in atmosphere\|journal=Astroparticle Physics\|volume=17\|issue=4\|year=2002\|pages=477–488\|issn=0927-6505\|doi=10.1016/S0927-6505(01)00176-1\|arxiv=hep-ph/0107241\|bibcode=2002APh....17..477B\|s2cid=204927907}}</ref> dosimetry,<ref name="RoeslerHeinrich2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Roesler\|first1=S.\|last2=Heinrich\|first2=W.\|last3=Schraube\|first3=H.\|year=2002\|title=Monte Carlo Calculation of the Radiation Field at Aircraft Altitudes\|url=https://www.slac.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/getdoc/slac-pub-8968.pdf\|journal=Radiation Protection Dosimetry\|volume=98\|issue=4\|pages=367–388\|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006728\|issn=0144-8420\|pmid=12120665}}</ref> medical physics, radiobiology. A recent line of development concerns hadron therapy.<ref name="BattistoniBauer2016">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Bauer\|first2=Julia\|last3=Boehlen\|first3=Till T.\|last4=Cerutti\|first4=Francesco\|last5=Chin\|first5=Mary P. W.\|last6=Dos Santos Augusto\|first6=Ricardo\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Ortega\|first8=Pablo G.\|last9=Kozłowska\|first9=Wioletta\|last10=Magro\|first10=Giuseppe\|last11=Mairani\|first11=Andrea\|last12=Parodi\|first12=Katia\|last13=Sala\|first13=Paola R.\|last14=Schoofs\|first14=Philippe\|last15=Tessonnier\|first15=Thomas\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|title=The FLUKA Code: An Accurate Simulation Tool for Particle Therapy\|journal=Frontiers in Oncology\|volume=6\|year=2016\|page=116\|issn=2234-943X\|doi=10.3389/fonc.2016.00116\|pmid=27242956\|pmc=4863153\|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ZhangLee2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Zhang\|first1=Qinghui\|last2=Lee\|first2=Chaeyeong\|last3=Lee\|first3=Sangmin\|last4=Lee\|first4=Seung-Jae\|last5=Song\|first5=Hankyeol\|last6=Kim\|first6=Dae-Hyun\|last7=Cho\|first7=Sungkoo\|last8=Jo\|first8=Kwanghyun\|last9=Han\|first9=Youngyih\|last10=Chung\|first10=Yong Hyun\|last11=Kim\|first11=Jin Sung\|title=Monte Carlo simulation of secondary neutron dose for scanning proton therapy using FLUKA\|journal=PLOS ONE\|volume=12\|issue=10\|year=2017\|article-number=e0186544\|issn=1932-6203\|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0186544\|pmid=29045491\|pmc=5646843\|bibcode=2017PLoSO..1286544L\|doi-access=free}}</ref> As of 2022 FLUKA allowed simulation of interactions of photons with energy 100 eV and above.<ref name=Tsinganis/>		FLUKA has many applications in particle physics, high energy experimental physics and engineering, shielding, detector and telescope design, cosmic ray studies,<ref name="BattistoniFerrari2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=G.\|last2=Ferrari\|first2=A.\|last3=Montaruli\|first3=T.\|last4=Sala\|first4=P.R.\|title=Comparison of the FLUKA calculations with CAPRICE94 data on muons in atmosphere\|journal=Astroparticle Physics\|volume=17\|issue=4\|year=2002\|pages=477–488\|issn=0927-6505\|doi=10.1016/S0927-6505(01)00176-1\|arxiv=hep-ph/0107241\|bibcode=2002APh....17..477B\|s2cid=204927907}}</ref> dosimetry,<ref name="RoeslerHeinrich2002">{{cite journal\|last1=Roesler\|first1=S.\|last2=Heinrich\|first2=W.\|last3=Schraube\|first3=H.\|year=2002\|title=Monte Carlo Calculation of the Radiation Field at Aircraft Altitudes\|url=https://www.slac.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/getdoc/slac-pub-8968.pdf\|journal=Radiation Protection Dosimetry\|volume=98\|issue=4\|pages=367–388\|doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006728\|issn=0144-8420\|pmid=12120665}}</ref> medical physics, radiobiology. A recent line of development concerns hadron therapy.<ref name="BattistoniBauer2016">{{cite journal\|last1=Battistoni\|first1=Giuseppe\|last2=Bauer\|first2=Julia\|last3=Boehlen\|first3=Till T.\|last4=Cerutti\|first4=Francesco\|last5=Chin\|first5=Mary P. W.\|last6=Dos Santos Augusto\|first6=Ricardo\|last7=Ferrari\|first7=Alfredo\|last8=Ortega\|first8=Pablo G.\|last9=Kozłowska\|first9=Wioletta\|last10=Magro\|first10=Giuseppe\|last11=Mairani\|first11=Andrea\|last12=Parodi\|first12=Katia\|last13=Sala\|first13=Paola R.\|last14=Schoofs\|first14=Philippe\|last15=Tessonnier\|first15=Thomas\|last16=Vlachoudis\|first16=Vasilis\|title=The FLUKA Code: An Accurate Simulation Tool for Particle Therapy\|journal=Frontiers in Oncology\|volume=6\|year=2016\|page=116\|issn=2234-943X\|doi=10.3389/fonc.2016.00116\|pmid=27242956\|pmc=4863153\|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ZhangLee2017">{{cite journal\|last1=Zhang\|first1=Qinghui\|last2=Lee\|first2=Chaeyeong\|last3=Lee\|first3=Sangmin\|last4=Lee\|first4=Seung-Jae\|last5=Song\|first5=Hankyeol\|last6=Kim\|first6=Dae-Hyun\|last7=Cho\|first7=Sungkoo\|last8=Jo\|first8=Kwanghyun\|last9=Han\|first9=Youngyih\|last10=Chung\|first10=Yong Hyun\|last11=Kim\|first11=Jin Sung\|title=Monte Carlo simulation of secondary neutron dose for scanning proton therapy using FLUKA\|journal=PLOS ONE\|volume=12\|issue=10\|year=2017\|article-number=e0186544\|issn=1932-6203\|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0186544\|pmid=29045491\|pmc=5646843\|bibcode=2017PLoSO..1286544L\|doi-access=free}}</ref> As of 2022 FLUKA allowed simulation of interactions of photons with energy 100 eV and above.<ref name=Tsinganis>{{Cite web\|url=https://indico.cern.ch/event/1088396/attachments/2508104/4310222/Academic_Training_FLUKA.pdf\|title= An overview of the FLUKA particle transport code and its graphical user interface Flair\|date=14 September 2022\|format=PDF\|author=Tsinganis A.}}</ref>

	It is the standard tool used in radiation protection studies in the CERN particle accelerator laboratory.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=A Monte Carlo code for ion beam therapy \|url=https://cds.cern.ch/journal/CERNBulletin/2012/20/News%20Articles/1447488?ln=en \|access-date=2023-10-22 \|website=CERN Document Server}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|last1=Battistoni \|first1=Giuseppe \|last2=Broggi \|first2=Francesco \|last3=Brugger \|first3=Markus \|last4=Campanella \|first4=Mauro \|last5=Carboni \|first5=Massimo \|last6=Empl \|first6=Anton \|last7=Fassò \|first7=Alberto \|last8=Gadioli \|first8=Ettore \|last9=Cerutti \|first9=Francesco \|last10=Ferrari \|first10=Alfredo \|last11=Ferrari \|first11=Anna \|last12=Garzelli \|first12=Maria Vittoria \|last13=Lantz \|first13=Mattias \|last14=Mairani \|first14=Andrea \|last15=Margiotta \|first15=M. \|date=2011-10-01 \|title=The Application of the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA in Radiation Protection Studies for the Large Hadron Collider \|url=https://www.aesj.net/document/pnst002/358-364.pdf \|journal=Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology \|language=en \|volume=2 \|pages=358–364 \|doi=10.15669/pnst.2.358 \|issn=2185-4823}}</ref>		It is the standard tool used in radiation protection studies in the CERN particle accelerator laboratory.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=A Monte Carlo code for ion beam therapy \|url=https://cds.cern.ch/journal/CERNBulletin/2012/20/News%20Articles/1447488?ln=en \|access-date=2023-10-22 \|website=CERN Document Server}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|last1=Battistoni \|first1=Giuseppe \|last2=Broggi \|first2=Francesco \|last3=Brugger \|first3=Markus \|last4=Campanella \|first4=Mauro \|last5=Carboni \|first5=Massimo \|last6=Empl \|first6=Anton \|last7=Fassò \|first7=Alberto \|last8=Gadioli \|first8=Ettore \|last9=Cerutti \|first9=Francesco \|last10=Ferrari \|first10=Alfredo \|last11=Ferrari \|first11=Anna \|last12=Garzelli \|first12=Maria Vittoria \|last13=Lantz \|first13=Mattias \|last14=Mairani \|first14=Andrea \|last15=Margiotta \|first15=M. \|date=2011-10-01 \|title=The Application of the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA in Radiation Protection Studies for the Large Hadron Collider \|url=https://www.aesj.net/document/pnst002/358-364.pdf \|journal=Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology \|language=en \|volume=2 \|pages=358–364 \|doi=10.15669/pnst.2.358 \|issn=2185-4823}}</ref>