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Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics
Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics
Awarded forAccomplishments in fundamental physics broadly defined
Presented byBreakthrough Prize Board
RewardUSD$3 million
First award2012
WebsiteOfficial Website

The Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics is one of the Breakthrough Prizes, awarded by the Breakthrough Prize Board. Initially named Fundamental Physics Prize,[1] it was launched in July 2012, and is supported by the foundation co-founded by Russia-born Israeli entrepreneur, venture capitalist and physicist Yuri Milner. The prize is awarded to physicists from theoretical, mathematical, or experimental physics that have made transformative contributions to fundamental physics,[2] and specifically for recent advances.[3]

Worth USD $3 million, the prize is the most lucrative physics prize in the world[4][5] and is more than twice the amount given to the Nobel Prize awardees.[6]

Unlike the annual Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics, the Special Breakthrough Prize may be awarded at any time for outstanding achievements, while the prize money is still USD $3 million.[7]

Physics Frontiers Prize has only been awarded for two years. Laureates are automatically nominated for next year's Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics. If they are not awarded the prize the next year, they will each receive USD$300,000 and be automatically nominated for the Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics in the next five years.[8]

Laureates

This is a listing of the laureates by year (including Special Prize winners):

Year of award Fundamental Physics Prize laureates Institutional affiliation when prize awarded Awarded for
2012 Nima Arkani-Hamed Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton Original approaches to outstanding problems in particle physics
Alan Guth Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge Invention of inflationary cosmology, and for contributions to the theory for the generation of cosmological density fluctuations arising from quantum fluctuations
Alexei Kitaev California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA Currently at KITP and UCSB, Santa Barbara For robust quantum memories and fault-tolerant quantum computation using topological quantum phases with anyons and unpaired Majorana modes; topological quantum computing.
Maxim Kontsevich Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, Bures-sur-Yvette Numerous contributions including development of homological mirror symmetry, and the study of wall-crossing phenomena.
Andrei Linde[9] Stanford University, Stanford For development of inflationary cosmology, including the theory of new inflation, eternal chaotic inflation and the theory of inflationary multiverse, and for contributing to the development of vacuum stabilization mechanisms in string theory.
Juan Maldacena Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton Contributions to gauge/gravity duality, relating gravitational physics in a spacetime and quantum field theory on the boundary of the spacetime
Nathan Seiberg Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton Contributions to our understanding of quantum field theory and string theory.
Ashoke Sen Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Allahabad Opening the path to the realization that all string theories are different limits of the same underlying theory.
Edward Witten Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton For applications of topology to physics, non-perturbative duality symmetries, models of particle physics derived from string theory, dark matter detection, and the twistor-string approach to particle scattering amplitudes, as well as numerous applications of quantum field theory to mathematics.
2013 (special) Stephen Hawking For his discovery of Hawking radiation from black holes, and his deep contributions to quantum gravity and quantum aspects of the early universe.[10]
Peter Jenni, Fabiola Gianotti (ATLAS), Michel Della Negra, Tejinder Singh Virdee, Guido Tonelli, Joe Incandela (CMS) and Lyn Evans (LHC) For their leadership role in the scientific endeavour that led to the discovery of the new Higgs boson by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at CERN's Large Hadron Collider.[10]
2013 Alexander Polyakov Princeton University, Princeton For his many discoveries in field theory and string theory including the conformal bootstrap, magnetic monopoles, instantons, confinement/de-confinement, the quantization of strings in non-critical dimensions, gauge/string duality and many others. His ideas have dominated the scene in these fields during the past decades.
2014 Michael Green California Institute of Technology For opening new perspectives on quantum gravity and the unification of forces.
John Henry Schwarz University of Cambridge
2015 Saul Perlmutter and members of the Supernova Cosmology Project;
Brian P. Schmidt, Adam Riess and members of the High-Z Supernova Team. 		University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Australian National University;Johns Hopkins University and Space Telescope Science Institute For the most unexpected discovery that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, rather than slowing as had been long assumed.
2016 Yifang Wang;
Kam-Biu Luk and the Daya Bay Team 		Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of California, Berkeley For the fundamental discovery and exploration of neutrino oscillations, revealing a new frontier beyond, and possibly far beyond, the standard model of particle physics.
Atsuto Suzuki and the KamLAND Team Iwate Prefectural University, Japan
Kōichirō Nishikawa and the K2K / T2K Team High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Japan
Arthur B. McDonald and the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Team Queen's University, Canada
Takaaki Kajita;
Yōichirō Suzuki and the Super-Kamiokande Team 		Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, University of Tokyo, Japan
2016 (special) Ronald Drever California Institute of Technology For the observation of gravitational waves, opening new horizons in astronomy and physics.[11]
Kip Thorne
Rainer Weiss Massachusetts Institute of Technology
LIGO contributors ( authors of the paper Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger, Physical Review Letters, 11 February 2016) and other LIGO contributors LIGO
2017 Joseph Polchinski University of California, Santa Barbara For transformative advances in quantum field theory, string theory, and quantum gravity.[12]
Andrew Strominger Harvard University
Cumrun Vafa
2018 Charles L. Bennett Johns Hopkins University For detailed maps of the early universe that greatly improved our knowledge of the evolution of the cosmos and the fluctuations that seeded the formation of galaxies.[13]
Gary Hinshaw University of British Columbia
Norman Jarosik Princeton University
Lyman Page Jr.
David N. Spergel
WMAP Science Team (Chris Barnes, Olivier Doré, Joanna Dunkley, Ben Gold, Michael Greason, Mark Halpern, Robert Hill, Al Kogut, Eiichiro Komatsu, David Larson, Michele Limon, Stephan Meyer, Michael Nolta, Nils Odegard, Hiranya Peiris, Chris Hirata, Kendrick Smith, Greg Tucker, Licia Verde, Janet Weiland, Ed Wollack, E. Wollack, Ned Wright)[14]
2018 (special) Jocelyn Bell Burnell University of Oxford and University of Dundee For fundamental contributions to the discovery of pulsars, and a lifetime of inspiring leadership in the scientific community.[15]
2019 Charles Kane University of Pennsylvania For new ideas about topology and symmetry in physics, leading to the prediction of a new class of materials that conduct electricity only on their surface.[16]
Eugene Mele
2019 (special) Sergio Ferrara CERN, UCLA For the invention of supergravity, in which quantum variables are part of the description of the geometry of spacetime.[17]
Daniel Z. Freedman Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Stanford University
Peter van Nieuwenhuizen Stony Brook University
2020 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration The EHT Collaboration consists of 13 stakeholder institutes: For the first image of a supermassive black hole, taken by means of an Earth-sized alliance of telescopes.[18]
2021 Eric Adelberger University of Washington For precision fundamental measurements that test our understanding of gravity, probe the nature of dark energy, and establish limits on couplings to dark matter.[19]
Jens H. Gundlach
Blayne Heckel
2021 (special) Steven Weinberg University of Texas at Austin For his continuous leadership in fundamental physics, with broad impact across particle physics, gravity and cosmology, and for communicating science to a wider audience.[20]
2022 Hidetoshi Katori University of Tokyo and RIKEN For outstanding contributions to the invention and development of the optical lattice clock, which enables precision tests of the fundamental laws of nature.[21]
Jun Ye National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado
2023 Charles H. Bennett IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center For foundational work in the field of quantum information.[22]
Gilles Brassard Université de Montréal
David Deutsch Oxford University
Peter W. Shor Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2024 John Cardy All Souls College, University of Oxford For profound contributions to statistical physics and quantum field theory, with diverse and far-reaching applications in different branches of physics and mathematics.[23]
Alexander Zamolodchikov Stony Brook University
2025 ATLAS collaboration CERN For detailed measurements of Higgs boson properties confirming the symmetry-breaking mechanism of mass generation, the discovery of new strongly interacting particles, the study of rare processes and matter-antimatter asymmetry, and the exploration of nature at the shortest distances and most extreme conditions at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider.[24]
CMS collaboration
ALICE collaboration
LHCb collaboration
2025

(special)

Gerard 't Hooft Utrecht University For fundamental insights into gauge theory and the standard model.[24]
2026 Muon g-2 collaboration Composed of: For multi-decade, groundbreaking contributions to the measurement of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment, pushing the boundaries of experimental precision and igniting a new era in the quest for physics beyond the Standard Model.[25]
2026 (special) David Gross University of California, Santa Barbara

Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics

For a lifetime of groundbreaking contributions to theoretical physics, from the strong force to string theory, and for tireless advocacy for basic science worldwide[26]

New Horizons in Physics Prize

The New Horizons in Physics Prize, awarded to promising junior researchers, carries an award of $100,000.[27]

Year of award New Horizons in Physics
Prize laureates 		Institutional affiliation when prize awarded Awarded for
2013 Niklas Beisert ETH Zurich Development of powerful exact methods to describe a quantum gauge theory and its associated string theory
Davide Gaiotto Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Far-reaching new insights about duality, gauge theory, and geometry, and specially for his work linking theories in different dimensions in most unexpected ways
Zohar Komargodski[28] Weizmann Institute of Science Dynamics of four-dimensional field theories and in particular his proof (with Schwimmer) of the “a-theorem”, which has solved a long-standing problem
2014 Freddy Cachazo Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Uncovering numerous structures underlying scattering amplitudes in gauge theories and gravity
Shiraz Minwalla Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Pioneering contributions to the study of string theory and quantum field theory; and in particular his work on the connection between the equations of fluid dynamics and Albert Einstein's equations of general relativity
Slava Rychkov Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University Developing new techniques in conformal field theory, reviving the conformal bootstrap program for constraining the spectrum of operators and the structure constants in 3D and 4D CFT's
2015 Sean Hartnoll Stanford University For applying holographic methods to obtain remarkable new insights into strongly interacting quantum matter.
Philip C. Schuster and Natalia Toro Perimeter Institute For pioneering the “simplified models” framework for new physics searches at the Large Hadron Collider, as well as spearheading new experimental searches for dark sectors using high-intensity electron beams.
Horacio Casini CONICET For fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity.
Marina Huerta Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
Shinsei Ryu University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Tadashi Takayanagi Kyoto University
2016 B. Andrei Bernevig Princeton University For outstanding contributions to condensed matter physics, especially involving the use of topology to understand new states of matter.
Xiao-Liang Qi Stanford University
Raphael Flauger The University of Texas at Austin For outstanding contributions to theoretical cosmology.
Leonardo Senatore Stanford University
Liang Fu Massachusetts Institute of Technology For outstanding contributions to condensed matter physics, especially involving the use of topology to understand new states of matter.
Yuji Tachikawa University of Tokyo For penetrating and incisive studies of supersymmetric quantum field theories.
2017 Frans Pretorius Princeton University For creating the first computer code capable of simulating the inspiral and merger of binary black holes, thereby laying crucial foundations for interpreting the recent observations of gravitational waves; and for opening new directions in numerical relativity.
Simone Giombi Princeton University For imaginative joint work on higher spin gravity and its holographic connection to a new soluble field theory.
Xi Yin Harvard University
Asimina Arvanitaki Perimeter Institute For pioneering a wide range of new experimental probes of fundamental physics.
Peter W. Graham Stanford University
Surjeet Rajendran University of California, Berkeley
2018 Christopher Hirata Ohio State University For fundamental contributions to understanding the physics of early galaxy formation and to sharpening and applying the most powerful tools of precision cosmology
Douglas Stanford Institute for Advanced Study and Stanford University For profound new insights on quantum chaos and its relation to gravity.
Andrea Young University of California, Santa Barbara For the co-invention of van der Waals heterostructures, and for the new quantum Hall phases that he discovered with them.
2019 Rana Adhikari California Institute of Technology For research on present and future ground-based detectors of gravitational waves.
Lisa Barsotti and Matthew Evans Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Daniel Harlow Massachusetts Institute of Technology For fundamental insights about quantum information, quantum field theory, and gravity.
Daniel L. Jafferis Harvard University
Aron Wall Stanford University
Brian Metzger Columbia University For pioneering predictions of the electromagnetic signal from a neutron star merger, and for leadership in the emerging field of multi-messenger astronomy.
2020 Xie Chen California Institute of Technology For incisive contributions to the understanding of topological states of matter and the relationships between them.
Lukasz Fidkowski University of Washington
Michael Levin University of Chicago
Max A. Metlitski Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Jo Dunkley Princeton University For the development of novel techniques to extract fundamental physics from astronomical data.
Samaya Nissanke University of Amsterdam
Kendrick Smith Perimeter Institute
Simon Caron-Huot McGill University For profound contributions to the understanding of quantum field theory.
Pedro Vieira Perimeter Institute and ICTP-SAIFR
2021 Tracy Slatyer Massachusetts Institute of Technology For major contributions to particle astrophysics, from models of dark matter to the discovery of the “Fermi Bubbles.”
Rouven Essig Stony Brook University For advances in the detection of sub-GeV dark matter especially in regards to the SENSEI experiment.
Javier Tiffenberg Fermilab
Tomer Volansky Tel Aviv University
Tien-Tien Yu University of Oregon
Ahmed Almheiri Institute for Advanced Study For calculating the quantum information content of a black hole and its radiation.
Netta Engelhardt Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Henry Maxfield University of California, Santa Barbara
Geoff Penington University of California, Berkeley
2022[21] Suchitra Sebastian University of Cambridge For high precision electronic and magnetic measurements that have profoundly changed our understanding of high temperature superconductors and unconventional insulators.
Alessandra Corsi Texas Tech University For leadership in laying foundations for electromagnetic observations of sources of gravitational waves, and leadership in extracting rich information from the first observed collision of two neutron stars.
Gregg Hallinan California Institute of Technology
Mansi Manoj Kasliwal California Institute of Technology
Raffaella Margutti University of California, Berkeley
Dominic Else Harvard University For pioneering theoretical work formulating novel phases of non-equilibrium quantum matter, including time crystals.
Vedika Khemani Stanford University
Haruki Watanabe University of Tokyo
Norman Y. Yao University of California, Berkeley
2023[22] David Simmons-Duffin California Institute of Technology For the development of analytical and numerical techniques to study conformal field theories, including the ones describing the liquid vapor critical point and the superfluid phase transition.
Anna Grassellino Fermilab For the discovery of major performance enhancements to niobium superconducting radio-frequency cavities, with applications ranging from accelerator physics to quantum devices.
Hannes Bernien University of Chicago For the development of optical tweezer arrays to realize control of individual atoms for applications in quantum information science, metrology, and molecular physics.
Manuel Endres California Institute of Technology
Adam M. Kaufman JILA
Kang-Kuen Ni Harvard University
Hannes Pichler University of Innsbruck
Austrian Academy of Sciences
Jeff Thompson Princeton University
2024[23] Michael Johnson Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics For elucidating the sub-structure and universal characteristics of black hole photon rings, and their proposed detection by next-generation interferometric experiments.
Alexandru Lupsasca Vanderbilt University
Mikhail Ivanov Massachusetts Institute of Technology For contributions to our understanding of the large-scale structure of the universe and the development of new tools to extract fundamental physics from galaxy surveys.
Oliver Philcox Columbia University and Simons Foundation
Marko Simonović University of Florence
Laura M. Pérez University of Chile For the prediction, discovery, and modeling of dust traps in young circumstellar disks, solving a long-standing problem in planet formation.
Paola Pinilla University College London
Nienke van der Marel Leiden Observatory
Til Birnstiel LMU Munich
2025[24] Waseem Bakr Princeton University For the realization of quantum gas microscopes for atoms and molecules, providing a microscopic view on correlations and transport in strongly interacting quantum systems.
Jeongwan Haah Stanford University For the discovery of Haah's code, in which fractal conservation laws emerge, and other models bringing discrete mathematical structures to physics.
Sebastiaan Haffert Leiden Observatory, Leiden University &

Steward Observatory, University of Arizona

For demonstrating new extreme adaptive optics techniques that will allow the direct detection of the smallest exoplanets.
Rebecca Jensen-Clem University of California, Santa Cruz
Maaike van Kooten National Research Council Canada
2026[29] Benjamin R. Safdi University of California, Berkeley For proposing new ways to seek axion-like particles with laboratory experiments and astronomical observations.
Clay Córdova University of Chicago For generalizing the notion of symmetry in various ways, and for exploring the consequences of these generalized symmetries, in quantum field theory, particle physics, condensed matter physics, string theory, and quantum information theory.
Thomas Dumitrescu University of California, Los Angeles
Shu-Heng Shao Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Yifan Wang New York University
Dillon Brout Boston University For advances in cosmic microwave background and supernovae cosmology.
J. Colin Hill Columbia University
Mathew Madhavacheril University of Pennsylvania
Maria Vincenzi University of Oxford
Daniel Scolnic Duke University
W. L. Kimmy Wu California Institute of Technology

Vera Rubin New Frontiers Prize

In 2026, the Vera Rubin New Frontier Prize was inaugurated in honor of Vera Rubin. The prize recognizes female physicists within two years of their PhDs who have already made important contributions to science.[29]

Year of award New Horizons in Physics
Prize laureates 		Institutional affiliation when prize awarded Awarded for
2026 Carolina Figueiredo Princeton University For contributions to the geometric structure of scattering amplitudes, revealing hidden relations among quantum field theories.[29]

Trophy

File:Charles L. Kane.jpg
Charles L. Kane holding the Fundamental Physics Prize trophy

The Fundamental Physics Prize trophy, a work of art created by Danish-Icelandic artist Olafur Eliasson,[30] is a silver sphere with a coiled vortex inside. The form is a toroid, or doughnut shape, resulting from two sets of intertwining three-dimensional spirals. Found in nature, these spirals are seen in animal horns, nautilus shells, whirlpools, and even galaxies and black holes.[31]

Ceremony

The name of the 2013 prize winner was unveiled at the culmination of a ceremony which took place on the evening of March 20, 2013 at the Geneva International Conference Centre.[32] The ceremony was hosted by Hollywood actor and science enthusiast Morgan Freeman.[33] The evening honored the 2013 laureates − 16 outstanding scientists including Stephen Hawking[34] and CERN scientists who led the decades-long effort to discover the Higgs-like particle at the Large Hadron Collider.[35] Sarah Brightman and Russian pianist Denis Matsuev performed for the guests of the ceremony.

Criticism

Some have expressed reservations about such new science mega-prizes.[36]

What's not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists... You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels. The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the meritocracy of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.... As much as some scientists may grumble about the new awards, the financial doping that they bring to research and the wisdom of the goals behind them, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers' money to do with as they please. It is wise to accept such gifts with gratitude and grace.[37]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Template:Cite press release
  2. ↑ "Fundamental Physics". Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics. Archived from the original on April 29, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
  3. ↑ Sample, Ian (July 31, 2012). "Biggest science prize takes web tycoon from social networks to string theory". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 1, 2022. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  4. ↑ "9 Scientists Receive a New Physics Prize". The New York Times. July 31, 2012. Archived from the original on August 3, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
  5. ↑ Ghosh, Pallab (September 6, 2018). "Bell Burnell: Physics star gives away £2.3m prize". BBC. Archived from the original on November 1, 2022. Retrieved November 1, 2022.
  6. ↑ "9 Scientists Receive a New Physics Prize". The New York Times. July 31, 2012. Archived from the original on September 5, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2012.
  7. ↑ Template:Cite press release
  8. ↑ Template:Cite press release
  9. ↑ "Fundamental Physics Prize - Andrei Linde acceptance speech". YouTube. Archived from the original on March 19, 2014. Retrieved April 17, 2013.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Fundamental Physics Prize - News". Fundamental Physics Prize. Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2012.
  11. ↑ "Fundamental Physics Prize - News". Fundamental Physics Prize (2016). Retrieved May 4, 2016.
  12. ↑ "Breakthrough Prize – Laureates". breakthroughprize.org.
  13. ↑ "Breakthrough Prize – Laureates". breakthroughprize.org.
  14. ↑ "Congratulations to Charles Bennett, Gary Hinshaw, Norman Jarosik, Lyman Page Jr., David Spergel and the WMAP Science Team for winning the 2018 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics". science.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. December 3, 2017. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
  15. ↑ "Jocelyn Bell Burnell". Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics. Archived from the original on November 2, 2022. Retrieved November 2, 2022.
  16. ↑ Laureates 2019
  17. ↑ "Breakthrough Prize – $3 Million Special Breakthrough Prize In Fundamental Physics Awarded To Discoverers Of Supergravity". breakthroughprize.org. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
  18. ↑ Laureates 2020
  19. ↑ Breakthrough Prize In Fundamental Physics 2021
  20. ↑ Special Breakthrough Prize In Fundamental Physics 2021
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Breakthrough Prize In Fundamental Physics 2022
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 "Winners Of The 2023 Breakthrough Prizes In Life Sciences, Mathematics And Fundamental Physics Announced". Breakthrough Prize. September 22, 2022. Archived from the original on November 1, 2022. Retrieved November 1, 2022.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 "BREAKTHROUGH PRIZE ANNOUNCES 2024 LAUREATES IN LIFE SCIENCES, FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS, AND MATHEMATICS". BREAKTHROUGH PRIZE. September 14, 2023. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 "Breakthrough Prize Announces 2025 Laureates in Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics, and Mathematics". breakthroughprize.org. April 5, 2025. Archived from the original on April 6, 2025. Retrieved April 6, 2025.
  25. ↑ "Muon g-2 Experiment Pioneers Win Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics". CERN. April 18, 2026. Retrieved April 20, 2026.
  26. ↑ Leachman, Shelly (April 19, 2026). "UCSB's David Gross wins Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics". The Current. Retrieved April 20, 2026.
  27. ↑ "Fundamental Physics Prize News". fundamentalphysicsprize.org. Archived from the original on December 14, 2012.
  28. ↑ Rinat, Zafrir (December 12, 2012). "Israeli Wins Prestigious International Physics Prize". Haaretz.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 "Breakthrough Prize – Breakthrough Prize Announces 2026 Laureates". breakthroughprize.org. Retrieved April 20, 2026.
  30. ↑ "Fundamental Physics Prize - Olafur Eliasson speech". YouTube. Archived from the original on May 31, 2014. Retrieved April 17, 2013.
  31. ↑ The Breakthrough Prize trophy.
  32. ↑ Template:Cite press release
  33. ↑ "Fundamental Physics Prize Ceremony 2013 - Part 1". YouTube. Archived from the original on July 27, 2013. Retrieved April 17, 2013.
  34. ↑ YouTube. youtube.com.
  35. ↑ "Fundamental Physics Prize Ceremony 2013 - Part 2". YouTube. Archived from the original on May 27, 2014. Retrieved April 17, 2013.
  36. ↑ Zeeya Merali (12 June 2013). "Science prizes: The new Nobels". Nature 498 (7453): 152–154. doi:10.1038/498152a. Template:PMID. w:Bibcode: 2013Natur.498..152M. 
  37. ↑ Editorial (12 June 2013). "Young upstarts". Nature 498 (7453): 138. doi:10.1038/498138a. Template:PMID. 
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